http://www.epa.gov/agriculture/torg.html
"Organically grown" food is food grown and processed using no synthetic fertilizers or pesticides. Pesticides derived from natural sources (such as biological pesticides) may be used in producing organically grown food.
Organic Farming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_farming
Organic farming is a form of agriculture that relies on techniques such as crop rotation, green manure, compost and biological pest control. Organic farming uses fertilizers and pesticides but excludes or strictly limits the use of manufactured (synthetic) fertilizers, pesticides (which include herbicides, insecticides and fungicides), plant growth regulators such as hormones, livestock antibiotics, food additives, genetically modified organisms, human sewage sludge, and nanomaterials.
Organic agricultural methods are internationally regulated and legally enforced by many nations, based in large part on the standards set by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), an international umbrella organization for organic farming organizations established in 1972. IFOAM defines the overarching goal of organic farming as:
"Organic agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects. Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality of life for all involved..."
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements
Organic Products
http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELDEV3004446&acct=nopgeninfo
Organic products have strict production and labeling requirements. Unless noted below, organic products must meet the following requirements:
- Produced without excluded methods; genetic engineering, ionizing radiation, or sewage sludge.
- Produced per the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (National List).
- Overseen by a USDA National Organic Program authorized certifying agent,
- Following all USDA organic regulations.
An overview of labeling the various categories of organic products is provided below.
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL: portion of the package most likely to be seen by customers at the time of purchase.
INFORMATION PANEL: includes ingredient statement (list of ingredients contained in a product, from highest to lowest percentage of final product) and other product information.
100% Organic
Raw or processed agricultural products in the 100 percent organic category must meet these criteria:
- All ingredients must be certified organic.
- Any processing aids must be organic.
- Product labels must state the name of the certifying agent on the information panel.
An overview of labeling the various categories of 100% organic products is provided below.
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL: May include USDA organic seal and/or 100 percent organic claim.
INFORMATION PANEL: Must identify organic ingredients (e.g., organic dill) or via asterisk or other mark.
Normal Organic
Raw or processed agricultural products in the organic category must meet these criteria:
- All agricultural ingredients must be certified organic, except where specified on National List.
- Non-organic ingredients allowed per National List may be used, up to a combined total of five percent of non-organic content (excluding salt and water).
- Product labels must state the name of the certifying agent on the information panel.
An overview of labeling the various categories of normal organic products is provided below.
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL: May include USDA organic seal and/or organic claim.
INFORMATION PANEL: Must identify organic ingredients (e.g., organic dill) or via asterisk or other mark.
Organic Certification
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_certification
Organic certification is a certification process for producers of organic food and other organic agricultural products. In general, any business directly involved in food production can be certified, including seed suppliers, farmers, [food] processors, retailers and restaurants.
Requirements vary from country to country, and generally involve a set of production standards for growing, storage, processing, packaging and shipping that include:
- no human sewage sludge fertilizer used in cultivation of plants or feed of animals
- avoidance of synthetic chemical inputs not on the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (e.g. fertilizer, pesticides, antibiotics, food additives, etc.), genetically modified organisms, irradiation, and the use of sewage sludge;
- use of farmland that has been free from prohibited synthetic chemicals for a number of years (often, three or more);
- keeping detailed written production and sales records (audit trail);
- maintaining strict physical separation of organic products from non-certified products;
- undergoing periodic on-site inspections.
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